Production of all-triploid and all-female brown trout for aquaculture

Heat shocks effective for the production of triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta) were optimized: 28 °C shocks lasting 10 to 15 minutes and applied 5 minutes after fertilization induce very high rates of triploidy (close to 100%) without causing much mortality; they can therefore be proposed for mass production of triploid brown trout. Female homogamety in that species is also demonstrated from analysis of gynogenetic progenies and progenies of sex-inverted females. Although the efficiency of masculinizing hormonal treatments requires further improvement, production of all-female sterile populations is now possible in this species promising for European sea-farming.